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基于DEM的青藏高原河流地貌量化分析——以雅鲁藏布江和朋曲为例
孙杰
Subtype硕士
Thesis Advisor刘静
2009-05
Degree Grantor中国科学院研究生院
Place of Conferral北京
Degree Name硕士研究生
Degree Discipline构造地质学
Keyword数字高程模型  构造地貌  河流纵剖面  数据空洞  河流裂点
Call NumberS000018
Abstract

河流地貌和侵蚀是构造地貌研究的核心内容之一。青藏高原南部横切喜马拉雅山脉的高原河流记录着高原抬升和气候变化丰富的信息,是高原隆升和造山带形成的一个重要研究研究方向。 90m分辨率的SRTM3数字高程模型广泛的运用于构造地貌学研究,但数据空白区是其在河流地貌定量研究中的瓶颈。本文根据1:25万DEM数据与SRTM3数据的互补性,对SRTM3数据进行优化处理,为青藏高原河流地貌研究提供了准确可靠的数据。本文基于优化处理的SRTM3 DEM数据,对雅鲁藏布江和朋曲流域进行定量地形地貌分析,提取河流纵剖面等河流地貌定量参数,并在得出初步结论。研究发现,青藏高原南部河流纵剖面均呈现上凹形和上凸形的复合体,反映了平坦的高原内部与地势起伏急剧变化的高原边缘。雅鲁藏布江河流裂点不能作为高原阶段抬升的标志,而是受区域构造控制。高原河流宽窄相间的河谷、河床发育、裂点分布等地貌特征都是受高原内部断裂的影响。

Other Abstract

Fluvial erosion is among the core components in tectonic geomorphology. The trans-Himalayan rivers in southern Tibet Plateau bear rich information of the plateau uplift and climate change, and has become an important research direction of plateau and orogen uplift. The 90m-resolution SRTM3 DEM has been widely used in tectonic geomorphology, but the data void is the bottle-neck that hampers its application in quantitative fluvial geomorphology. Using the complementary 1:250k DEM to fill the holes in SRTM3 is effective in quantitative studies in fluvial geomorphology, especially in dissected margins of the Tibetan plateau. Based on the void-filled SRTM3 DEM data,this thesis quantitatively analyzed the topography of the Yarlung Zangbo and Arun River and extracted geomorphologic parameters such as river longitudinal profile, and made a preliminary results. Our results show that most rivers in the south Tibetan with their headwaters on the plateau have a stepped or convex-up long profile: flat in the upper reach on the plateau and steep in the middle reach across the plateau edge. The river knickpoints of Yarlung Zangbo River may be caused by the control of partial south-north direction positive faults, but not signs of phased raise of Tibetan Plateau that someone else thinks. We also found that the fluvial geomorphology such as the water system pattern, alternating sections of wide valleys and gorges , river knickpoint, are mainly controlled by the faults in the plateau.

Department大陆碰撞与高原隆升重点实验室
Subject Area地质学
MOST Discipline Catalogue理学::地质学
Pages57 页
Language中文
Document Type学位论文
Identifierhttp://ir.itpcas.ac.cn/handle/131C11/1211
Collection图书馆
Recommended Citation
GB/T 7714
孙杰. 基于DEM的青藏高原河流地貌量化分析——以雅鲁藏布江和朋曲为例[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院,2009.
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