Source apportionment of particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Lumbini, Nepal by using the positive matrix factorization receptor model | |
Chen, PF (Chen, Pengfei)1,4; Li, CL (Li, Chaoliu)1; Kang, SC (Kang, Shichang)2,3; Yan, FP (Yan, Fangping)2,4; Zhang, QG (Zhang, Qianggong)1,3; Ji, ZM (Ji, Zhengming)1; Tripathee, L (Tripathee, Lekhendra)2; Rupakheti, D (Rupakheti, Dipesh)1,4; Rupakheti, M (Rupakheti, Maheswar)5; Qu, B (Qu, Bin)6; Sillanpaa, M (Sillanpaa, Mika)6; Kang, SC | |
Source Publication | ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH |
2016 | |
Volume | 182Issue:0Pages:46-53 |
DOI | 10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.07.011 |
Abstract | Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) is one of the most polluted regions in the world. Despite numbers of studies conducted at urban site, few data are available at rural area. In this study, characteristics of 15 particle-bound priority poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of total suspended particles (TSPs) collected at a typical rural area (Lumbini) of IGP from April 2013 to March 2014 were reported. The results showed that annual average TSP and PAH concentrations were 209 +/- 123 mu g/m(3) and 94.8 +/- 54.6 ng/m(3), respectively, which were similar to those of large cities such as Agra and Delhi in the upwind adjacent regions. Clear seasonal variation of TSP and PAH concentrations was observed, with the highest average concentration occurring in winter followed by the pre-monsoon, post-monsoon, and monsoon seasons, reflecting combined influence of source strength and monsoon circulation on PAH concentrations of Lumbini. Positive matrix factorization analysis showed that biomass combustion (50.6%) and vehicular emissions (30.4%) were first two sources of PAHs, followed by coal combustion (11.6%) and air-soil exchange (7.4%), in line with that of diagnostic molecular ratios results. Because of extensive agro-residue burning, intensive forest fires, and conducive weather conditions, contribution of biomass burning during non-monsoon season (55.7%) was higher than that of monsoon season (42.1%). The total BaP equivalent concentration (BaPeq) of particulate PAHs ranged between 2.51 and 47.3 ng/m(3), was 2-40 times higher than the WHO guideline (1 ng/m(3)), implying local residents were at risk for adverse health effects. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
Subject Area | 自然地理学 |
WOS ID | WOS:000384868900006 |
Language | 英语 |
Indexed By | SCI |
Keyword | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Source Pmf Lumbini Indo-gangetic Plain Keywords Plus: Toxic Equivalency Factors Source Identification Atmospheric Pm2.5 Organic-compounds Urban Atmosphere Air-quality Pahs China India Pm10 |
Cooperation Status | 国际 |
Subtype | Article |
Citation statistics | |
Document Type | 期刊论文 |
Identifier | http://ir.itpcas.ac.cn/handle/131C11/7468 |
Collection | 图书馆 |
Corresponding Author | Kang, SC |
Affiliation | 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Tibetan Plateau Res, Key Lab Tibetan Environm Changes & Land Surface P, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst, State Key Lab Cryospher Sci, Donggangxi Rd, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China 3.CAS Ctr Excellence Tibetan Plateau Earth Sci, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China 4.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China 5.Inst Adv Sustainabil Studies, D-14467 Potsdam, Germany 6.Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Lab Green Chem, Sammonkatu 12, Mikkeli 50130, Finland |
Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | Chen, PF ,Li, CL ,Kang, SC ,et al. Source apportionment of particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Lumbini, Nepal by using the positive matrix factorization receptor model[J]. ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH,2016,182(0):46-53. |
APA | Chen, PF .,Li, CL .,Kang, SC .,Yan, FP .,Zhang, QG .,...&Kang, SC.(2016).Source apportionment of particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Lumbini, Nepal by using the positive matrix factorization receptor model.ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH,182(0),46-53. |
MLA | Chen, PF ,et al."Source apportionment of particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Lumbini, Nepal by using the positive matrix factorization receptor model".ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH 182.0(2016):46-53. |
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