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Spatial and temporal distribution of total mercury in atmospheric wet precipitation at four sites from the Nepal-Himalayas
Tripathee, L (Tripathee, Lekhendra)1,4; Guo, JM (Guo, Junming)1; Kang, SC (Kang, Shichang)1,2,5; Paudyal, R (Paudyal, Rukumesh)1,4,5; Huang, J (Huang, Jie)3; Sharma, CM (Sharma, Chhatra Mani)1,4,6; Zhang, QG (Zhang, Qianggong)2,3; Chen, PF (Chen, Pengfei)1; Ghimire, PS (Ghimire, Prakriti Sharma)1,4; Sigdel, M (Sigdel, Madan)7
Source PublicationSCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
2019
Volume655Issue:0Pages:1207-1217
DOI10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.338
Abstract

The studies on global pollutant mercury (Hg), which is of public concern due to its high toxicity and capacity to long-range transport via atmospheric circulation, is poorly characterized in wet deposition over the Nepal-Himalayas region. Therefore, in order to understand the concentration levels, spatial distribution and seasonal variation of total Hg, 333 precipitation samples were collected from south to north: Kathmandu (1314 m a.s.l.), Dhunche (2065 m a.s.l.), Dimsa (3078 m a.s.l.) and Gosainkunda (4417 m a.s.l.) characterized as urban, rural, remote forest and remote alpine sites, respectively, for over one-year period. The highest Hg concentration was found in Kathmandu comparable to the urban sites worldwide, and significantly lower concentrations at other three sites demonstrated similar levels as in rural and remote alpine sites worldwide. Higher wet deposition fluxes of 34.91 and 15.89 mu gm(-2) year(-1) were found in Kathmandu and Dhunche respectively, due to higher precipitation amount. Clear and distinct seasonal differences were observed with higher concentrations in non-monsoon and lower values in monsoon periods due to less scavenging and high pollutant concentration loadings during the dry period. The positive correlation of Hg flux and precipitation amount with Hg concentration suggested that both precipitation amount and Hg concentration plays a vital role in Hg deposition in the central Himalayan region. Enrichment factor (EFHg) indicated that the anthropogenic emission sources play a significant role for Hg enrichment and a high ratio of EFmonsoon to EFnon-monsoon (>2.18) suggested that the anthropogenic atmospheric mercury could likely be long-range transported from south Asian regions to the Himalayas during the monsoon season. In addition, our results showed that the major ionic compositions (e.g., SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, K+, Ca2+) could influence Hg concentration in wet precipitation. The anthropogenic sources of Hg such as bio-mass and fossil fuel combustion, crustal aerosols may contribute to the Hg concentration in wet precipitation over the central Himalayas. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Subject AreaEnvironmental Sciences
WOS IDWOS:000455034600117
Language英语
Indexed BySCI
KeywordTibetan Plateau Concentrations Trace-elements Methyl Mercury Spatiotemporal Variation China Concentrations Mt. Nyainqentanglha Deposition Fluxes Kathmandu Valley Dry Deposition Black Carbon
WOS Research AreaEnvironmental Sciences & Ecology
WOS SubjectEnvironmental Sciences
Cooperation Status国际
ISSN0048-9697
Department环境变化与地表过程
URL查看原文
PublisherELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
SubtypeArticle
Citation statistics
Document Type期刊论文
Identifierhttp://ir.itpcas.ac.cn/handle/131C11/9370
Collection图书馆
Corresponding AuthorGuo, JM (Guo, Junming); Huang, J (Huang, Jie)
Affiliation1.Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Cryospher Sci, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China;
2.CAS Ctr Excellence Tibetan Plateau Earth Sci, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China;
3.Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Tibetan Environm Changes & Land Surface P, Inst Tibetan Plateau Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China;
4.HERI, Kathmandu, Nepal;
5.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China;
6.Tribhuvan Univ, Cent Dept Environm Sci, Kathmandu, Nepal;
7.Tribhuvan Univ, Cent Dept Hydrol & Meteorol, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Recommended Citation
GB/T 7714
Tripathee, L ,Guo, JM ,Kang, SC ,et al. Spatial and temporal distribution of total mercury in atmospheric wet precipitation at four sites from the Nepal-Himalayas[J]. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,2019,655(0):1207-1217.
APA Tripathee, L .,Guo, JM .,Kang, SC .,Paudyal, R .,Huang, J .,...&Sigdel, M .(2019).Spatial and temporal distribution of total mercury in atmospheric wet precipitation at four sites from the Nepal-Himalayas.SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,655(0),1207-1217.
MLA Tripathee, L ,et al."Spatial and temporal distribution of total mercury in atmospheric wet precipitation at four sites from the Nepal-Himalayas".SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 655.0(2019):1207-1217.
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